Dive Watch: Scuba Diving Explained

Scuba diving is an adventurous activity that allows individuals to explore the underwater world. It's a sport that requires a lot of equipment, and one of the most important pieces of equipment is the dive watch. A dive watch is a timepiece designed specifically for underwater diving that features, among other things, water resistance greater than 1.0 MPa (10 atmospheres), the equivalent of 100m (330ft).

The dive watch is not just a tool for telling time underwater, but it also serves as a vital piece of safety equipment. It can help divers monitor their dive time and, in some cases, their depth – both critical factors in preventing decompression sickness. This article will delve into the intricacies of the dive watch, explaining its features, its history, its importance in scuba diving, and how to choose the right one.

History of the Dive Watch

The history of the dive watch is deeply intertwined with the history of diving itself. As diving technology advanced and more people started exploring the underwater world, there was a growing need for a reliable, waterproof timepiece that could withstand the pressures of the deep.

The first dive watches appeared in the early 20th century, but it wasn't until the 1950s that they became widely available. These early models were mechanical and needed to be wound regularly. They were also relatively expensive, making them a luxury item for most divers.

Role of the Dive Watch in the Development of Scuba Diving

The dive watch played a crucial role in the development of scuba diving. Before dive computers became commonplace, divers relied on their watches and dive tables to calculate their bottom time and surface intervals to avoid decompression sickness.

Even today, with the advent of digital dive computers, many divers still prefer to use a dive watch as a backup timing device. The reliability and simplicity of a dive watch make it an invaluable tool in a diver's kit.

Features of a Dive Watch

A dive watch is much more than just a waterproof watch. It has several features designed specifically for use while diving. These features vary from model to model, but there are some common ones that most dive watches have.

One of the most important features of a dive watch is its water resistance. A true dive watch should be water-resistant to at least 200 meters (660 feet). This is far deeper than most recreational divers will ever go, but the extra resistance helps ensure the watch's reliability under pressure.

Bezel

The bezel is a rotating ring around the edge of the watch face. On a dive watch, the bezel is used to track elapsed time. The diver sets the zero mark on the bezel to the minute hand at the start of the dive. As the dive progresses, the minute hand moves around the face, and the diver can read the elapsed time off the bezel.

This is a simple and reliable way to keep track of time underwater. The bezel is usually unidirectional, meaning it can only be turned counterclockwise. This is a safety feature designed to prevent the diver from accidentally overestimating their remaining dive time if the bezel is bumped or moved.

Luminescence

Visibility can be limited underwater, especially at depth, so it's important for a dive watch to be easy to read in low light conditions. To achieve this, dive watches are often equipped with luminescent hands and markers. These glow in the dark, making the watch readable even in complete darkness.

Some dive watches use a luminescent material that needs to be "charged" by exposure to light, while others use a self-powered luminescence that glows continuously without needing to be charged.

Choosing a Dive Watch

Choosing a dive watch is a personal decision that depends on a diver's needs, preferences, and budget. There are many factors to consider, including the watch's features, its durability, its accuracy, and its price.

When choosing a dive watch, it's important to consider what you'll be using it for. If you're a recreational diver who only dives occasionally, a basic dive watch with a unidirectional bezel and good water resistance may be all you need. If you're a professional diver or a serious hobbyist, you might want a watch with more advanced features, like a depth gauge or a helium escape valve.

Materials and Durability

The materials used in the construction of the dive watch can greatly affect its durability. The case should be made of a sturdy material like stainless steel or titanium to withstand the pressures of diving. The crystal (the clear cover over the watch face) should be made of a scratch-resistant material like sapphire or hardened mineral glass.

The watch's band should also be durable and water-resistant. Many dive watches come with a rubber or silicone band, which is comfortable to wear and easy to adjust over a wetsuit. Metal bands are also popular for their durability, but they can be less comfortable and harder to adjust.

Price and Brand

Price is always a consideration when buying a dive watch. Dive watches can range in price from less than $100 to several thousand dollars. The price often reflects the watch's quality, its features, and the brand's reputation.

When considering the price, it's also important to think about the watch's longevity. A high-quality dive watch can last for many years if properly maintained, so it may be worth investing in a more expensive model if you plan to use it regularly.

Maintenance of a Dive Watch

Like any piece of equipment, a dive watch requires regular maintenance to keep it in good working order. This includes cleaning the watch after each dive, checking the seals and gaskets for wear, and having the watch serviced regularly by a professional.

It's also important to replace the battery (if the watch has one) at the recommended intervals. Even if the watch is still running, an old battery can leak and damage the watch's internal components.

Cleaning and Storage

After each dive, the watch should be rinsed thoroughly in fresh water to remove any salt, sand, or other debris. The watch should be dried thoroughly before being stored. It's best to store the watch in a cool, dry place out of direct sunlight.

It's also a good idea to avoid exposing the watch to extreme temperatures, as this can cause the seals to contract or expand, potentially allowing water to enter the watch.

Professional Servicing

Most dive watch manufacturers recommend having the watch serviced by a professional every 1-2 years. This service typically includes checking the watch's water resistance, replacing the seals and gaskets, and cleaning and lubricating the movement.

Even if the watch appears to be working fine, it's important to have it serviced regularly. Small problems can develop over time and may not be noticeable until they cause a major failure.

Conclusion

The dive watch is a vital tool for any scuba diver. It's more than just a timepiece – it's a piece of safety equipment that can help prevent decompression sickness. Whether you're a recreational diver or a professional, having a reliable, durable dive watch can give you peace of mind and enhance your diving experience.

Choosing the right dive watch can be a challenge, but with a bit of research and consideration, you can find a watch that suits your needs and your budget. Remember to consider the watch's features, its durability, and its price, and don't forget to maintain your watch properly to ensure it lasts for many years of diving adventures.